3.05 Dna Replication Assignment Answers

Biology 3.05 DNA Replication – Assignment

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Instructions – For this assignment, you will write an essay describing the production of protein molecules

through transcription and translation.

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During History, the structure of the DNA was originally discovered in 1953. Within' a nucleotide, there

are three parts which brand it up, which would exist the nitrogenous base, the carbohydrate molecule, and the

phosphate molecule. The nucleotide would exist the group that repeats constantly in order to create large

molecules of the DNA. Composed of the nitrogenous bases, Adenine, Guanine, Thymine, and Cytosine,

the strands of Dna are complementary, meaning that if you were to but know the bases of one side of

the ladder, you lot would always be able to tell the other side of the ladder'due south bases, because all of the bases

each have a pair. For example, Adenine pairs with Thymine, whilst Guanine pairs with Cytosine, and

these bases cannot exist switched around, therefore, you'd know the bases of the other ladder. During the

process where the Dna makes copies of itself, it is called "Dna Replication", which takes identify in the

nucleus of the cell. For this to work, the DNA double helix is "unzipped", whilst an enzyme knowdue north as the

DNA helicase starts to attach to the DNA molecule, which would be the double helix. Post-obit this, the

enzyme moves forth the molecule, which then it unzips the ii strands of DNA, by breaking the bail

which holds the Adenine and Thymine together, being the hydrogen bail. The complementary

nucleotides which are floating around within' the nucleus signals that Adenine, Guanine, Thymine, and

Cytosine are still floating within' the nucleus, and then these bases make the hydrogen bonds with the bases

within of the DNA strands. Subsequently this, the enzyme known equally the "DNA polymerase" creates the formation

for the sugar phosphate units which are along thursdaye side of the "ladder" (the bases) and so they connect

one base of operations pair to the next, which results into two new DNA molecules, due to the replication, where each

molecule has a strand of the new Deoxyribonucleic acid, as well every bit the old Dna. Small organelles which are establish in the

cytoplasm which manufactures proteins would be the ribosome. The RNA however, is a nucleic acid,

which is somewhat like the Dna, but rather instead of having ii strands, it has single stranded. Even

with this difference, they both use the same nitrogenous bases, except for the Deoxyribonucleic acid having Thymine and

the RNA having Uracil. For the RNA, instead of the Adenine binding to the Thymineast, information technology rather binds with

the Uracil. During the process of transcription (which is the starting time step in the process of getting instructions

off thursdayeast DNA and out into the cytoplasm), the DNA (like before during the cell replication) unzips, where

ane of the strands are then transcribed past the enzyme, which is then in turn used to brand a messenger

RNA (mRNA) molecule, which uses the base Uracil instead of Thymine to bind Adenine. After this, the

coding which the messenger RNA molecule carries has a sequence of three nucleotides, whulloch is called a

"codon" which is considered "a 3-letter give-and-take that selects for amino acid". The messenger RNA will

then bring the instructions from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. After this, one time the messenger RNA

(mRNA molecule) has managed to transcribe the message, it then breaks autonomously from the Deoxyribonucleic acid strand, and

then allows the DNA to rezip support to its normal shape, which is the helix shape. Once the messenger

RNA manages to leave the nucleus, it happens to bladder within' the cytoplasm, where there are also

different types of RNA molecules located, which are chosen transfer RNA molecules (tRNA), where this

molecule has three nucleotide codes on one end, whilst at that place is a different, specific kind of amino acid for

the latter end. Post-obit this step for the translation, inside' the cytoplasm, the messenger RNA which

attracts the ribosome due west/ molecules that also take the same or matching iii letter code (like codon for

instance) manage to form a temporary bond with the messenger RNA, which so allow the amino acids

on the transfer RNA molecules to also bond, which constructs a poly peptide chain. Afterward this, the growing

concatenation Is finished, only one time a finish codon is reached, which and so the chain which is completed breaks

away. Hence, the chain of amino acids which had been broken off would be the completed protein which

was fabricated.

3.05 Dna Replication Assignment Answers,

Source: https://www.studocu.com/en-us/document/miami-dade-college/principles-of-biology/biology-305-dna-replication/11799657

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